What is dispersed camping? Dispersed camping is free camping outside of designated campgrounds, usually on public lands. Can I dispersed camp anywhere? No, dispersed camping is only allowed in certain areas, primarily on land managed by the National Forest Service (NFS) and Bureau of Land Management (BLM). Who is allowed to dispersed camp? Anyone is allowed to dispersed camp as long as they follow the rules and regulations for the area.
Dispersed camping, also known as free camping locations or boondocking, offers a chance to experience the great outdoors without the crowds and fees of traditional campgrounds. It’s a fantastic way to immerse yourself in nature, enjoy some peace, and save money. This primitive camping guide will equip you with the knowledge and tools you need to find the perfect dispersed camping spot.
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Deciphering Dispersed Camping
Dispersed camping is essentially camping outside of established campgrounds. This means there are no amenities like restrooms, picnic tables, or fire rings. It’s you, your gear, and the wilderness. This off grid camping style requires a greater level of self-sufficiency and a strong respect for the environment. It’s a great way to get into backcountry camping!
Why Choose Dispersed Camping?
- It’s Free: No campground fees mean more money for adventures.
- Seclusion: Escape the crowds and enjoy peace and quiet.
- Flexibility: Camp almost anywhere allowed, without reservations.
- Immersive Experience: Get closer to nature and enjoy a more authentic outdoor experience.
Potential Drawbacks of Dispersed Camping
- No Amenities: You’re on your own for water, waste disposal, and other necessities.
- Requires More Planning: You need to be prepared for self-sufficiency.
- Can Be Remote: Access can be challenging, requiring high-clearance vehicles or hiking.
- Environmental Responsibility: You are responsible for minimizing your impact.
Where to Find Dispersed Camping
The best places to find dispersed camping are on land managed by the National Forest Service (NFS) and the Bureau of Land Management (BLM).
National Forest Camping
National Forests offer extensive opportunities for dispersed camping. These areas are managed for multiple uses, including recreation, timber harvesting, and grazing. This means you might encounter logging operations or livestock, but it also means vast areas open to exploration.
How to find dispersed camping in National Forests:
- National Forest Websites: Start by visiting the website of the specific National Forest you’re interested in. Look for sections on “Camping,” “Recreation,” or “Visitor Information.”
- Forest Service Interactive Map: The Forest Service provides an interactive map that can help you identify areas suitable for dispersed camping.
- Call the Ranger Station: Contacting the local ranger station is an excellent way to get up-to-date information on dispersed camping regulations, road conditions, and potential hazards.
- Motor Vehicle Use Maps (MVUM): These maps are essential for understanding which roads are open to vehicle traffic. They show designated routes for different types of vehicles, including ATVs and motorcycles. You can usually download these maps for free from the Forest Service website or pick them up at a ranger station.
BLM Land Camping
The Bureau of Land Management (BLM) manages vast tracts of public land, primarily in the western United States. Like National Forests, BLM land offers numerous opportunities for dispersed camping.
How to find dispersed camping on BLM land:
- BLM Website: The BLM website is a great resource for finding information on dispersed camping opportunities.
- BLM Interactive Map: The BLM also provides an interactive map that shows the locations of BLM-managed land.
- BLM Field Office: Contacting the local BLM field office is a good way to get specific information about dispersed camping regulations and conditions in the area you’re interested in.
- Campendium & FreeRoam Apps: These apps are great resources for finding dispersed camping locations on both National Forest and BLM land. They often include user reviews and photos, which can be helpful in choosing a spot.
Tips for Researching Dispersed Camping Locations
- Use Online Forums and Communities: Online forums and social media groups dedicated to camping and outdoor recreation can be valuable sources of information. Other campers may have discovered hidden gems and be willing to share their experiences.
- Look for Established Campsites: While you’re looking for dispersed camping locations, pay attention to areas that appear to have been used as campsites before. These areas are often more level and cleared of vegetation, making them easier to set up camp on.
- Check for Fire Restrictions: Before you head out on your camping trip, be sure to check for any fire restrictions in the area. Fire restrictions are often put in place during periods of dry weather to prevent wildfires.
- Download Offline Maps: Cell service can be unreliable in remote areas, so it’s always a good idea to download offline maps to your phone or GPS device. This will allow you to navigate even when you don’t have a cellular signal.
- Read Reviews Carefully: Look for information about road conditions, accessibility for different types of vehicles, and any potential hazards or issues in the area.
- Cross-Reference Information: Don’t rely on just one source of information when planning your dispersed camping trip. Compare information from multiple sources to get a more complete picture of the area.
Dispersed Camping Rules
Dispersed camping is generally allowed, but it’s essential to follow specific rules and guidelines to protect the environment and ensure everyone can enjoy these areas. This is part of being an ethical off grid camper.
General Guidelines
- Time Limits: Most areas have a 14-day camping limit within a 30-day period. After 14 days, you must move your campsite at least 25 miles away.
- Distance from Water: Camp at least 200 feet away from any water source (lakes, streams, rivers) to protect water quality and wildlife habitat.
- Pack It In, Pack It Out: Leave no trace. This means taking all your trash with you, including food scraps, toilet paper, and any other waste.
- Campfire Safety: Check for fire restrictions before you go. If fires are allowed, use existing fire rings whenever possible. Keep fires small and contained, and never leave a fire unattended. Be sure the fire is completely extinguished before leaving the campsite.
- Human Waste Disposal: Dig a hole at least 6-8 inches deep and 200 feet away from any water source. Bury human waste and toilet paper. Pack out feminine hygiene products.
- Respect Wildlife: Do not feed or approach wild animals. Store food in bear-resistant containers or hang it from a tree to prevent attracting bears and other wildlife.
- Stay on Designated Roads: Stick to established roads and trails to avoid damaging vegetation and soil.
- Leave No Trace: Leave your campsite cleaner than you found it. Pick up any trash left by others.
State-Specific Regulations
Camping regulations can vary from state to state and even within different areas of the same state. Be sure to research the specific regulations for the area where you plan to camp.
| State | Agency | Website |
|---|---|---|
| California | Bureau of Land Management (BLM) | www.blm.gov/california |
| Colorado | Bureau of Land Management (BLM) | www.blm.gov/colorado |
| Utah | Bureau of Land Management (BLM) | www.blm.gov/utah |
| Arizona | Bureau of Land Management (BLM) | www.blm.gov/arizona |
| New Mexico | Bureau of Land Management (BLM) | www.blm.gov/new-mexico |
| Montana | Bureau of Land Management (BLM) | www.blm.gov/montana-dakotas |
| Idaho | Bureau of Land Management (BLM) | www.blm.gov/idaho |
| Wyoming | Bureau of Land Management (BLM) | www.blm.gov/wyoming |
| Oregon | Bureau of Land Management (BLM) | www.blm.gov/oregon-washington |
| Washington | Bureau of Land Management (BLM) | www.blm.gov/oregon-washington |
| Nevada | Bureau of Land Management (BLM) | www.blm.gov/nevada |
| California | National Forest Service (NFS) | www.fs.usda.gov/regions/pacific-southwest |
| Colorado | National Forest Service (NFS) | www.fs.usda.gov/r2 |
| Utah | National Forest Service (NFS) | www.fs.usda.gov/r4 |
| Arizona | National Forest Service (NFS) | www.fs.usda.gov/r3 |
| New Mexico | National Forest Service (NFS) | www.fs.usda.gov/r3 |
| Montana | National Forest Service (NFS) | www.fs.usda.gov/r1 |
| Idaho | National Forest Service (NFS) | www.fs.usda.gov/r4 |
| Wyoming | National Forest Service (NFS) | www.fs.usda.gov/r2 |
| Oregon | National Forest Service (NFS) | www.fs.usda.gov/r6 |
| Washington | National Forest Service (NFS) | www.fs.usda.gov/r6 |
| Nevada | National Forest Service (NFS) | www.fs.usda.gov/r4 |
Essential Gear: Dispersed Camping Checklist
Being prepared is crucial for a successful and safe dispersed camping trip. This dispersed camping checklist will help you gather everything you need:
- Shelter: Tent, tarp, or hammock with rainfly.
- Sleeping Gear: Sleeping bag (rated for the expected temperatures), sleeping pad.
- Water: Water bottles or hydration reservoir, water filter or purification tablets.
- Food: Non-perishable food items, cooking supplies (stove, cookware, utensils).
- Clothing: Moisture-wicking base layers, insulating mid-layers, waterproof outer layers, hat, gloves, sturdy hiking boots.
- Navigation: Map, compass, GPS device or smartphone with offline maps.
- First Aid: Comprehensive first-aid kit with medications, bandages, antiseptic wipes.
- Lighting: Headlamp or flashlight with extra batteries.
- Fire: Matches or lighter, fire starter.
- Tools: Knife or multi-tool, shovel or trowel for burying human waste.
- Hygiene: Toilet paper, hand sanitizer, biodegradable soap, toothbrush, toothpaste.
- Trash Bags: For packing out all your trash.
- Bear Protection: Bear spray (if camping in bear country), bear-resistant food container.
- Sun Protection: Sunscreen, sunglasses, hat.
- Bug Repellent: Insect repellent to protect against mosquitoes, ticks, and other insects.
- Camp Chairs: Comfortable seating for relaxing around the campsite.
- Camera: To capture memories of your camping trip.
- Binoculars: For wildlife viewing.
- Repair Kit: Duct tape, rope, and other items for repairing gear.
Safety Tips for Dispersed Camping
Your safety is paramount when dispersed camping. Here are some key safety tips:
- Tell Someone Your Plans: Inform a friend or family member of your itinerary, including your planned route and expected return date.
- Check the Weather Forecast: Be aware of potential weather changes and pack accordingly.
- Be Aware of Wildlife: Know the types of wildlife in the area and take precautions to avoid encounters. Store food properly and make noise while hiking to avoid surprising animals.
- Carry a Communication Device: A satellite phone or personal locator beacon (PLB) can be invaluable in emergencies.
- Be Prepared for Navigation Challenges: Cell service can be unreliable in remote areas, so be sure to have a map, compass, and GPS device, and know how to use them.
- Learn Basic First Aid and Survival Skills: Knowing how to treat common injuries and illnesses and how to build a shelter and find water can be life-saving in an emergency.
- Carry Extra Supplies: Always carry extra food, water, and clothing in case of unexpected delays or emergencies.
- Trust Your Instincts: If something doesn’t feel right, don’t hesitate to change your plans or leave the area.
Environmental Responsibility
Protecting the environment is crucial when dispersed camping. Follow these guidelines to minimize your impact:
- Leave No Trace: As mentioned earlier, pack out all your trash, bury human waste properly, and avoid disturbing vegetation.
- Minimize Campfire Impact: Use existing fire rings whenever possible, keep fires small and contained, and never leave a fire unattended.
- Protect Water Sources: Camp at least 200 feet away from any water source to protect water quality and wildlife habitat.
- Avoid Damaging Vegetation: Stay on established roads and trails to avoid damaging vegetation and soil.
- Respect Wildlife: Do not feed or approach wild animals. Store food properly to prevent attracting bears and other wildlife.
- Educate Yourself: Learn about the local environment and any specific conservation concerns in the area.
- Volunteer: Consider volunteering with local conservation organizations to help protect public lands.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)
- Is dispersed camping really free? Yes, dispersed camping is generally free on NFS and BLM land. However, there may be fees for certain activities, such as parking or accessing specific areas.
- Can I have a campfire while dispersed camping? It depends on fire restrictions in the area. Check with the local ranger station or BLM field office before you go.
- Where can I find water while dispersed camping? You may be able to find water in streams, rivers, or lakes, but always filter or purify any water before drinking it. It’s best to bring enough water for your entire trip.
- How far away from the road do I have to camp? Regulations vary, but typically you must camp at least one vehicle length away from the road.
- Are there restrooms available at dispersed camping areas? No, there are no restrooms available. You will need to bury human waste properly.
- Can I bring my RV or trailer dispersed camping? Yes, you can bring an RV or trailer, but be aware that access roads may be rough and not suitable for all vehicles.
- Do I need a permit for dispersed camping? In most cases, you do not need a permit for dispersed camping. However, some areas may require permits for certain activities, such as camping in designated wilderness areas.
- Can I hunt or fish while dispersed camping? Yes, you can hunt or fish while dispersed camping, but you must have the appropriate licenses and follow all hunting and fishing regulations.
- How can I minimize my impact on the environment while dispersed camping? Follow the Leave No Trace principles: pack out all your trash, bury human waste properly, minimize campfire impact, protect water sources, avoid damaging vegetation, and respect wildlife.
- What should I do if I encounter a bear or other wild animal while dispersed camping? Stay calm, make noise, and slowly back away. Do not run or make sudden movements. If you have bear spray, be prepared to use it.
By following these guidelines, you can enjoy the freedom and beauty of dispersed camping while protecting the environment for future generations. Embrace the adventure, respect the land, and create unforgettable memories in the great outdoors!
Melody Smith is a passionate writer, outdoor enthusiast, and camping expert based in the Seattle Metropolitan Area. With a deep love for nature and adventure, she shares her personal experiences, tips, and insights on MyCampingPro.com. A seasoned camper and traveler, Melody combines her creative background in design and writing with her love for the great outdoors, offering practical advice and inspiring stories to help others make the most of their outdoor experiences. When she’s not exploring the wilderness, you can find her painting, collecting vintage treasures, or diving into a good book.